At present, the development of the domestic aluminum industry is mushrooming, and old companies are constantly transforming and expanding their production capacity, especially the emergence of large-scale prebaked electrolyzers. The requirements for aluminum electrolysis multi-function units are also getting higher and higher, and all companies see advanced equipment. For the sake of productivity, it is the primary advantage for the development of enterprises. First, the use of aluminum electrolytic multi-function unit Aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit is a pre-baked anode aluminum electrolytic production of special, key equipment. It can complete the following process operations for prebaked anode aluminum cells. 1 shell and covered alumina. 2 replace the anode. 3 out of aluminum. 5 auxiliary lifting anode bus. 5 During the installation and maintenance of the electrolytic cell, the upper and lower tanks of the electrolytic cell and other sporadic liftings may be suspended. Second, the classification of aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit pre-baking tank configuration in the electrolysis plant there are two kinds of horizontal configuration and vertical configuration, pre-baking tank can be divided into two points into the power slot and large multi-point slot into the power slot . The rationally designed multi-point feed trough has a good three-field distribution and has a good production index, which has been widely used. At present, horizontal configuration is mostly used for newly-built aluminum plants; vertical configuration is more common abroad. According to the requirements of process configuration and electrolysis tank feeding mode, the aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit can be divided into two categories: electrolysis multi-function unit and ground trolley. Electrolytic multifunctional units can be divided into two categories: full-function electrolytic multi-function units and simple electrolytic roof cranes. The difference lies mainly in the fact that the former has a fully automatic anode replacement device and is equipped with a shelling power source, while the latter only has an anode. Raise and lower institutions, while also making aluminum. Aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit can be divided into cab control unit and remote control unit according to the operating mode. The cab control unit is divided into high and low units according to the configuration of the cab and tools. Ground cars include: shell-for-pole cars, feeders, and aluminum carts. III. Technical Status Quo of Aluminum Electrolysis Multifunctional Units At present, the aluminum electrolysis multi-function units generally adopt lifting machinery and engineering technology, liquid pressure transmission technology, electronic technology and relatively new scientific research achievements. The electrolysis multi-function unit generally adopts the bridge crane bridge as the unit mechanism, and a tool trolley, an aluminum trolley, an electric hoist and the like are arranged on the bridge rack. (1) Walk Drive System Electrolysis Multi-function Unit Domestically, it is a French ECL low-level unit imported from the early 1980s. It adopts multi-pole motor or resistance speed control. The front drive-made low-level units for the Baotou Aluminum Plant and the Qinghai Aluminum Plant's drive transmission system are vertical gear reducers and dual gear shaft couplings. The main disadvantages are that the reducer is prone to oil leakage, poor concentricity, and opposite end beams. Destructive and so large. In the 1990s, the aluminum plant in Guizhou changed the transmission mode of the structure into a flat two-package worm gear drive, the output shaft of the reducer and the wheel shaft, and the input shaft and the motor shaft as an integral structure. The coupling was eliminated and the concentricity was high. In the late 1990s, most of the designs and manufacturers of imported or domestically produced transmission systems tend to choose imported reducers (three-in-one), all using frequency control. (2) The main functions of the main car main trolley: shelling and covering alumina, replacing the anode. The main trolley can be divided into low and high two. The low unit is mainly used for the electrolyzers at both ends. In order to facilitate the supply of electricity and the gas supply is equipped with a slip ring device, the failure rate is high. With the development of the electrolyzer, the production of such models is becoming less and less. The high unit is mainly used for multi-point electrolyzers, the shelling mechanism and the feeding mechanism are retractable, the slip ring device is eliminated, and the rotation can be arbitrarily rotated within 270°. (3) Aluminium trolley There are two types of aluminum trolleys in China: one is a single trolley structure, and the other is a tool trolley structure. That is, the lifting mechanism is located on a tool trolley, with the former being more, and the latter being mainly located in a simple overhead crane. on. Separate aluminum trolleys have two construction methods. One is a hard hook type, that is, the lifting mechanism moves up and down in a fixed guide frame. The limited height of the lifted frame is limited by the guide frame, and the application function is relatively simple. However, there is no swing when lifting the articles. The other is a soft hook type. There is no guide frame below the bottom of the girder, and only a guide mechanism is provided at the slightly upper position of the girder. Before the high-speed operation of the gondolas, lifting objects are lifted to this position to prevent swinging. Due to the higher lifting height, it can be used for lifting other items in addition to aluminum, and the application range is wider than hard hooks. (4) Air supply Before the 1990s, due to the impact of the quality of domestic air compressors, most of the domestic cranes' air supply was provided by the compressed air inside the factory building. The disadvantage was that the air ducts had to be suspended when in use and it was inconvenient to use. After the 1990s, Ingersoll-Rand entered the Chinese market, and Ingersoll Rand air compressors were used on electrolytic cranes. From the use of the situation in the past 10 years, the effect is good, but due to environmental factors in the electrolysis plant, the service life is difficult to reach the design value. According to this, Ingersoll Rand Company developed a dust-resistant air compressor (ML37-III) specifically for aluminum electrolysis, and it has been put into the market, mainly used in Baotou, Henan, Yunnan, Qingtongxia and other aluminum plants. (5) Shelling mechanism Currently, the shelling mechanism used in most aluminum plants in China is a pneumatic structure. The vibration frequency of this structure is high, but the shelling mechanism used in Yunnan and Jiaozuo Aluminum Plant at the beginning of this century is a fully hydraulic structure. Large and low frequency, but it is not easy to use for low cranes, and it is more destructive to swing and head suspension mainframes. (6) Anode replacement device The birth of a fully hydraulically-exchanged anode device at the end of the 1990s is an electrolytic cell anode replacement mechanism developed and manufactured specifically for multi-function units of pre-baked anode aluminum electrolysis plants to replace the use of early-stage aluminum electrolysis multi-function units. The four-button cylinder type anode replacement mechanism has the advantages of accurate alignment, safe and reliable operation, and automatic anode replacement. (7) In the cab, the original design and manufacture of cranes are equipped with air conditioning devices in the cab. However, due to the severe vibration of the crane, the dust in the factory is large, and the service life of the air conditioners is very short. Most of the cranes have been cancelled. After the cancellation, the electric heater was used for heating in the winter (mainly in the north area), and the fan was used to cool the temperature in the summer, making it extremely inconvenient for workers to work. At present, most aluminum plants still favor the installation of air conditioners, and more products are imported, such as Guizhou Aluminum Plant, Pingguo Aluminum Plant, and Baotou Aluminum Plant. (8) Complete vehicle operation At present, the crane operation of most aluminum plants in China is completed in the cab. However, in recent years, electronic and electrical technologies have developed rapidly. Advanced technology has been used on cranes and remote cranes have been produced. Mainly in Yunnan, Jiaozuo, and other aluminum plant manufacturing crane. Fourth, the development direction of the aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit 1. The development direction of the products of the aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit The horizontal roasting tank can increase the output per unit area, and has the advantages of good comprehensive economic benefits. Currently, the aluminum plant is under construction in China. Most use more than 200KA slot type, multi-point power. This will promote the development of the aluminum electrolysis multi-function unit. At the same time, it should also be noted that the special environment of large prebaking tanks and workshops places higher demands on the reliability and operating rate of electrolytic multi-function generators. Due to the anti-corrosion problem of cab glasses and the highly reliable air conditioners that are suitable for the electrolysis workshop environment, the cabs are exposed to smoke and heat radiation. The driver's field of vision is very poor (higher crews Poor), relying on the artificial guidance of ground operations, seriously affect the improvement of operation and production efficiency. Therefore, the varieties of aluminum electrolysis multifunction units that are more promising in the future should be: high reliability, high operation rate, lighter and smaller multi-functional units that can reduce labor intensity of operators. 2. The technological development direction of electrolytic multi-function units (1) Lightweight and compact. (2) Expansion of functions. (3) The function mechanism is fully hydraulic. (4) Electronic. (5) Electrification. (6) The speed control method adopts variable frequency speed regulation, and the speed regulation performance is good. (7) The control method adopts PLC and LOGO, which can reduce the intermediate relay, reduce the failure rate, and improve the reliability and operation rate of the unit. (8) The control method uses radio remote control. (9) Equipment centralized lubrication.
