With the adjustment of the agricultural industry structure and the increasing area of ​​vegetables, the cultivation methods of open fields, greenhouses, and off-season vegetables have caused the occurrence of aphids, whiteflies, mites, thrips, etc., including B. tabaci, American plaques. Alien invasive species such as the larvae, the Liriomyza huidobrensis and the western flower hummer are very embarrassing and difficult to eradicate. These small insects are widely distributed and large in quantity. In addition to absorbing plant juice, plundering nutrients, affecting the normal growth of vegetables, yellowing, dryness, and fruit malformation, they also secrete honeydew to cause coal pollution, spread viral diseases, and affect vegetable yield and quality. .
First, the cause
The occurrence of small insects has many effects, from pests themselves, small environmental changes and human factors.
1. Changes in microclimate: greenhouses, greenhouses, high temperatures in summer, suitable for sucking pests to feed nutrients and water; winter warmth to ensure that pests overwinter, accumulate insects.
2. The pests are small and easy to conceal: one leaf can be used for dozens or even hundreds of small insects to feed, and the ration can be satisfied without transferring. For example, a leaf on a melon is enough for hundreds of heads, and even thousands of cigarettes are used for feeding. It is easy to conceal, such as the sneak sneak into the mesophyll tissue, spraying and smoking can not work.
3, strong reproductive ability: more than a generation in a year, more than a dozen generations, eggs, larvae, adults, young and old, the same; some are still female, such as aphids, a winged once landing, dozens of The paratroopers appeared. After ten days, the leaves were covered with hundreds of locusts.
4, the environment adaptability is strong: these small insects fly and jump, action is agile, most of the water-protected body wax layer, leather or netting, such as whitefly, mites, increased the difficulty of prevention.
5. Diversified pathways: These pests may fly with wings or spread with the wind, or spread out with the seedlings. Foreign and southern American Liriomyza, B. tabaci, and Western flower thrips are not unusual in China and the North.
6. Changes in farming system: Four seasons of vegetable cultivation and intercropping, provide enough food and wintering places, and do not worry about eating, living, and traveling all year round.
Second, prevention measures
In view of the occurrence of cockroaches of the current vegetable six bugs, the company takes “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, and supports a number of prevention and control measures to keep the seedlings closed and production closed, and realize the pollution-free production of vegetables.
1. Agricultural control: 1Cultivate strong seedlings, and it is forbidden to transplant the seedlings from the nursery to the greenhouse and greenhouse. 2 Arrange the mouth to be reasonable and rotate as much as possible. You can plant one or two rows of plants that pests like to eat in the taro and mantle, and concentrate on drug control; or plant a few plants that do not like the smell and shape, and drive the insects out of the shed. 3 Planting in advance or delay, rational fertilization, irrigation, timely weeding and weeding, combined with pruning and snoring to eliminate some insect sources. 4 In the winter, do a good job in field sanitation, remove residual branches and leaves, reduce pest habitat, avoidance and wintering places.
2, physical and mechanical control: 1 drive trapping: yellow board can kill aphids, whitefly, spotted fly, etc., silver gray film can repel aphids. 2 Manually or by simple means of killing, such as manual removal of leaves with aphids, leaf miners, whiteflies and the like. 3 Place insect-proof gauze nets at the entrances and vents of greenhouses, greenhouses, etc., and control the greenhouse meal, whitefly, whitefly, locusts and so on.
3, Pharmacy prevention and treatment: 1 timely medication: on the basis of good measurement, timely use of drugs, the pests are eliminated in the bud state, such as prevention of aphids before the leaf rolling, prevention of leafminers before the leaves, the formation of wax powder before the prevention and treatment of cotton. 2 pesticide varieties should be on the right track, and pay attention to rotation. For the control of six bugs, these agents are preferred: pyrethroids, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and avermectins. For a variety of small pests should be "two turns and one buckle, four sides to penetrate", to prevent net debris, add appropriate amount of synergist and other effects. 3 joint defense. It is best to combine the prevention and control of surrounding farmers so that the pests have nowhere to hide.
4, biological control: should pay attention to the protection of natural enemies, grasshoppers, ladybugs, conditional can also buy natural enemies, vegetable sheds release Lily wasp, Paddle horned bee, etc. to control mites, whitefly and other effects better And no longer suffer from the labor of carrying a sprayer on a hot day, and farther away from contact poisoning.
First, the cause
The occurrence of small insects has many effects, from pests themselves, small environmental changes and human factors.
1. Changes in microclimate: greenhouses, greenhouses, high temperatures in summer, suitable for sucking pests to feed nutrients and water; winter warmth to ensure that pests overwinter, accumulate insects.
2. The pests are small and easy to conceal: one leaf can be used for dozens or even hundreds of small insects to feed, and the ration can be satisfied without transferring. For example, a leaf on a melon is enough for hundreds of heads, and even thousands of cigarettes are used for feeding. It is easy to conceal, such as the sneak sneak into the mesophyll tissue, spraying and smoking can not work.
3, strong reproductive ability: more than a generation in a year, more than a dozen generations, eggs, larvae, adults, young and old, the same; some are still female, such as aphids, a winged once landing, dozens of The paratroopers appeared. After ten days, the leaves were covered with hundreds of locusts.
4, the environment adaptability is strong: these small insects fly and jump, action is agile, most of the water-protected body wax layer, leather or netting, such as whitefly, mites, increased the difficulty of prevention.
5. Diversified pathways: These pests may fly with wings or spread with the wind, or spread out with the seedlings. Foreign and southern American Liriomyza, B. tabaci, and Western flower thrips are not unusual in China and the North.
6. Changes in farming system: Four seasons of vegetable cultivation and intercropping, provide enough food and wintering places, and do not worry about eating, living, and traveling all year round.
Second, prevention measures
In view of the occurrence of cockroaches of the current vegetable six bugs, the company takes “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, and supports a number of prevention and control measures to keep the seedlings closed and production closed, and realize the pollution-free production of vegetables.
1. Agricultural control: 1Cultivate strong seedlings, and it is forbidden to transplant the seedlings from the nursery to the greenhouse and greenhouse. 2 Arrange the mouth to be reasonable and rotate as much as possible. You can plant one or two rows of plants that pests like to eat in the taro and mantle, and concentrate on drug control; or plant a few plants that do not like the smell and shape, and drive the insects out of the shed. 3 Planting in advance or delay, rational fertilization, irrigation, timely weeding and weeding, combined with pruning and snoring to eliminate some insect sources. 4 In the winter, do a good job in field sanitation, remove residual branches and leaves, reduce pest habitat, avoidance and wintering places.
2, physical and mechanical control: 1 drive trapping: yellow board can kill aphids, whitefly, spotted fly, etc., silver gray film can repel aphids. 2 Manually or by simple means of killing, such as manual removal of leaves with aphids, leaf miners, whiteflies and the like. 3 Place insect-proof gauze nets at the entrances and vents of greenhouses, greenhouses, etc., and control the greenhouse meal, whitefly, whitefly, locusts and so on.
3, Pharmacy prevention and treatment: 1 timely medication: on the basis of good measurement, timely use of drugs, the pests are eliminated in the bud state, such as prevention of aphids before the leaf rolling, prevention of leafminers before the leaves, the formation of wax powder before the prevention and treatment of cotton. 2 pesticide varieties should be on the right track, and pay attention to rotation. For the control of six bugs, these agents are preferred: pyrethroids, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and avermectins. For a variety of small pests should be "two turns and one buckle, four sides to penetrate", to prevent net debris, add appropriate amount of synergist and other effects. 3 joint defense. It is best to combine the prevention and control of surrounding farmers so that the pests have nowhere to hide.
4, biological control: should pay attention to the protection of natural enemies, grasshoppers, ladybugs, conditional can also buy natural enemies, vegetable sheds release Lily wasp, Paddle horned bee, etc. to control mites, whitefly and other effects better And no longer suffer from the labor of carrying a sprayer on a hot day, and farther away from contact poisoning.
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