In home decoration, the most direct contact with the consumer's personal interests is the project cost. In fact, there are many factors that affect the project cost, such as the difference in the price of materials, the ease of construction process, and the construction area of ​​the project and so on. The method of calculating the construction area is rule-based and relatively simple.
The projects involved in home decoration are roughly divided into several parts such as walls, ceilings, floors, doors, windows and furniture.
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Calculate wall area
Decorative materials for walls (including cylinders) generally include: paint, stone, wall tiles, wallpaper, soft packs, wall panels, baseboards, and the like. When calculating the area, the material is different and the calculation method is different. The area of ​​paint, wallpaper, soft packs, and wainscots is multiplied by height by length. The unit is calculated in “square metersâ€. The length is calculated based on the net length of the main wall; height: no wall skirts are counted from the indoor floor to the floor floor, and the skirts are counted from the apex of the skirt to the floor of the floor; the suspended ceiling is counted from the interior floor (or the apex of the skirt) to the ceiling Along the increase of 20cm. The area occupied by doors and windows shall be deducted (1/2), but the hole area and the area where the beam head meets the wall surface are not deducted from the baseboard, the hanging Mirror line, or a single area within 0.3 square meters. When stone and wall tiles are affixed, the actual paving area is calculated as "square meters". The area of ​​the skirting board is calculated based on the net perimeter of the interior walls of the house. The unit is meter.
Calculate the top area
The decorative materials of the ceiling (including beams) generally include paints, ceilings, vertices (decorative flowers) and lighting ceilings. The area of ​​the ceiling construction is calculated in terms of “square meters†of the net area between the wall and the wall. The area occupied by the partition wall, the column passing through the ceiling, the lintel and the chimney attached to the wall is not deducted. The length of the vertices is calculated in metres in terms of the net perimeter of the interior wall of the house.
Calculate floor area
Floor decoration materials generally include: wooden floors, floor tiles (or stone), carpets, stair treads, and handrails. The floor area is calculated as "square meters" based on the net area between the wall and the wall. The area occupied by the partition walls, pillars passing through the ground, concrete walls, and chimneys attached to the walls is not deducted. The area of ​​stairways is calculated as "square meters" according to the actual development area, and the area occupied by staircase wells within 30cm in width is not deducted; the lengths of staircase handrails and railings can be multiplied by the total horizontal projection length (excluding the inner wall portion). The coefficient 1.15 is calculated as "extended meters."
The length of other railings and handrails is directly calculated as “extended metersâ€. There are no fixed requirements for the calculation of the area of ​​the furniture. Generally, the customary practice in the quotation of the decoration companies prevails: use the "extended meters", "square meters" or "items" as the unit for statistics. However, it should be noted that the unit of measurement for each type of furniture should be the same. For example, to make two closets, one cannot use a phenomenon in which “square meters†is the unit of measure, and the other uses “items†as the unit of measure.
Decorative staircase furniture coating home renovation floor tiles
An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light.
Reflective prisms are used to reflect light, in order to flip, invert, rotate, deviate or displace the light beam. They are typically used to erect the image in binoculars or single-lens reflex cameras – without the prisms the image would be upside down for the user. Many reflective prisms use total internal reflection to achieve high reflectivity.
The most common reflective prisms are:
Porro prism
Porro–Abbe prism
Amici roof prism
Pentaprism and roof pentaprism
Abbe–Koenig prism
Schmidt–Pechan prism
Bauernfeind prism
Dove prism
Retroreflector prism
Beam-splitting prisms
Some reflective prisms are used for splitting a beam into two or more beams:
Beam splitter cube
Dichroic prism
Half Penta Prism,Penta Prisms,Dove Prism,Optics Prism
Changchun Realpoo Photoelectric Co., Ltd. , https://www.optics-realpoo.com