“Summary†As the scale of power grids expands and reliability requirements increase, how to deal with the increasingly frequent extreme weather effects, effectively reduce the maintenance costs of high-voltage transmission lines, and improve the level of information management has become a major issue for the safe operation of power grids. In order to break through the traditional way of line management with manual inspection as the main line, China Southern Power Grid EHV Transmission Co., Ltd. officially launched a three-dimensional GIS operation and management system construction project for transmission lines in 2009, using technologies such as laser radar scanning, global positioning, satellite remote sensing, and online monitoring. , To create a set of three-dimensional display, path cruising, condition monitoring, circuit simulation and other functions in one, the country's first large-scale wide-area transmission line integrated management and online monitoring platform.
As an important part of the power system, transmission lines are exposed to the natural environment for a long period of time. Not only do they have to bear normal internal mechanical loads and the internal pressure of the power load, but they also suffer from external factors such as pollution, lightning strikes, strong winds, and ice coating. The discovery and elimination of potential hazards can easily lead to failure or even accidents, posing a threat to the safe and stable operation of the power system. However, the operation and maintenance of transmission lines is still regarded as the traditional manual inspection, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and time, but also can hardly play a role in the occurrence of major natural disasters. Therefore, how to improve the level of online monitoring, especially high-voltage transmission lines, has become an important issue in the field of power grid application research.
With the rapid development of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and its successful application in road traffic, urban planning, mineral development and other fields, the power system has gradually introduced GIS technology into it and produced considerable economic benefits. However, in the past, a two-dimensional coordinate GIS system was adopted, that is, points, lines, and surfaces were used to represent different types of actual objects in different layers. GIS-based transmission line management has always been in a relatively simple and primitive stage. Reflecting the topography and landforms around the power equipment and facilities such as lines and towers, it is impossible to provide a true environmental information for the inspection, operation and maintenance personnel.
In order to break through the technical bottleneck of transmission line management, Ultra High Voltage Corporation officially launched a three-dimensional GIS operation and management system for transmission lines (herein referred to as the three-dimensional GIS system) in 2009. With the help of a helicopter equipped with a laser radar scanning device, it has jurisdiction over nearly 15,000 kilometers. The transmission line and its corridor environment have been scanned and processed, and integrated with global positioning, satellite remote sensing, on-line monitoring, lightning positioning and other technologies, to create a set of three-dimensional display, path cruise, condition monitoring, line simulation and other functions in one , China's first large-scale wide-area transmission line integrated management platform.
1 Three-dimensional GIS data of transmission lines
Although there are many differences in the definition of GIS, it is almost universally accepted that GIS is a system centered on spatial data (information). This can be seen from the definition given by the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. General: GIS is a pair of Earth space. Information systems for encoding, storing, converting, analyzing and displaying information. Data is the blood of GIS. The basis of constructing a three-dimensional GIS platform is to obtain the corresponding vector data, model data, and image data.
UHP's 3D GIS system data scanning adopts airborne laser radar scanning technology to collect information on transmission line and corridor environment (about 100m in width), analyze and process the acquisition results, and generate 3D lattice data of transmission line/environment. , and in accordance with the requirements of the database for data processing, including three-dimensional spatial data object classification, vectorization, attribute matching and so on. The accuracy of the processed flight path can be as follows: plane position ≤ 5cm, elevation ≤ 10cm, and spatial point accuracy: horizontal error ≤ 50cm, vertical error ≤ 20cm, image resolution ≤ 50cm.
2 Development Route of 3D GIS Operation Management System for Transmission Lines
2.1 Multimedia data management centered on a relational database
In order to realize unified management of data in a relational database and consider massive data management and performance issues at the same time, the system selects a large-scale database Oracle as a database management system to solve the problem of spatial data and non-spatial data management. At the same time to achieve system data integration storage, network sharing, distributed processing.
2.2 Image Processing Synthesis
The digital orthophoto map (DOM) is three-dimensionally merged with the digital elevation model (DEM) in the system to generate a unique three-dimensional terrain file for the skyline platform, and the image processing and synthesis including remote sensing images, elevation data and appropriate data are completed.
2.3 System Development
Skyline Platform's TerraExplorer Pro is a powerful 3D modeling Tool and a powerful analysis tool. It supports WFS/WMS and ArcSDE, and can be well linked with the existing two-dimensional system of the power system. At the same time, the developer of the Skyline platform provides a COM interface. By using this interface, user-defined development can be achieved, so as to achieve a perfect combination with the database, make full use of external resources, and meet the needs of users.
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