According to foreign media reports, researchers at Stanford University have proposed a new method for producing hydrogen fuel from seawater. Most hydrogen is now produced by the cracking of methane. The cracking of methane produces a large amount of remaining carbon dioxide, which is considered to be the main gas causing global warming. For decades, scientists have been devoted to research on how to efficiently and economically convert water into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis.
For electrolyzers that separate water molecules, salt in seawater has always been a problem. High concentrations of salt will corrode metal electrodes that produce electrolysis current. Stanford University scientists have developed a new catalyst that integrates carbonate and sulfate molecules into an iron-nickel coating on a nickel anode. Carbonate and sulfate molecules have a high negative charge. Because molecules of the same charge repel each other, it can prevent chloride ions in the salt from penetrating the coating and corroding the electrode.
It is reported that the team successfully tested their prototype system using seawater from the San Francisco Bay. In the course of the experiment, even if the salt concentration is increased to three times the salt content of seawater, the coated electrolytic cell can still operate for more than 40 days.
The existing method of producing hydrogen by water decomposition depends on pure water, and the cost is relatively high. In many parts of the world, the supply of fresh water is already restricted. By electrolyzing seawater, manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cells will help solve this problem. Although this breakthrough did not solve all the challenges faced by hydrogen-powered vehicles, such as the establishment of a sustainable and affordable hydrogen-powered distribution network. However, if the use of renewable energy to produce hydrogen is possible, the remaining problems are expected to be resolved.
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