This year, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, due to the rainy weather from October to December, the temperature was low, and the rapeseed was more obvious. The overall situation of rapeseed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is generally good, but due to the recent high temperature and low rainfall, some grasshoppers in the field are heavier; some early-maturing varieties and early-staged fields are growing prosperously, appearing early and early. Flowers are susceptible to freezing damage in the later stages. According to the current situation of seedlings and the trend of winter and spring, the Ministry of Agriculture's oil expert guidance group researched and proposed the technical advice on the management of rapeseed in winter and spring.
First, strengthen the measurement and timely elimination. Strengthen the forecasting and timely prevention and control work. When the rate of rapeseed locusts reaches 8%, the back of rape leaves can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 40-60 g/40-50 kg per mu.
Second, the Qinggou drop stains, increase temperature and protect seedlings. This year, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have more rain in autumn and winter, and the roots of rapeseed are not developed. The rainy weather often occurs in the region in March and April, which will affect the development of roots, especially rice bran, and the water in the field is serious, which is prone to waterlogging. The rapeseed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is prosperous due to its growth, and it is prone to lodging in the middle and late stages, which aggravates the occurrence of diseases and affects the yield and quality of rapeseed. Therefore, during the winter, it is necessary to clear the ditch in time, keep the “three ditch†unblocked, reduce the stains and prevent the stains, and promote the root growth. At the same time, the soil in the clear ditch is cultivated at the root of rapeseed, inhibiting the growth of weeds, increasing temperature and preventing freezing. Dryland rapeseed can be combined with weeding for cultivating soil, improve soil temperature of rape roots, control the growth of above-ground rapeseed, promote root development, enhance cold resistance of plants, and reduce the threat of freezing damage to ensure the overwintering of rapeseed.
Third, go to the control, control and prevent freezing. For rapeseed which has been twitched and has a height of more than 30 cm and a growth point (inflorescence) exposed or has been flowering, the blade should be removed from the main stalk by 10-20 cm on a sunny day to eliminate the threat of freezing injury during the winter and reduce the main stem. The nutrient consumption is beneficial to the germination components of the low-slung buds and reduces the yield loss caused by the main stem freezing damage. For some of the prosperous fields, you should choose 40-100kg of paclobutrazol solution for 80-100ppm per acre to spray evenly, to inhibit the rapid growth of rapeseed and enhance the cold resistance of rapeseed.
Fourth, skillfully apply fertilizer, prevent and increase income. The fastest growing period of rapeseed in spring is the period of most fertilizer in the life of rapeseed. The manure should be applied in time to increase the number of branches and the number of flower buds. Manure application should be classified according to the growth of the seedlings. Generally, 8-12 kg of urea can be applied per mu. For the bottom of the fat foot, the seedlings are more fat, the growth is stable, and the seedlings are good, the field should be applied less, so as not to cause the greed to fall; the field with weak seedlings and weak greens should be applied early and applied in moderation. At the same time of applying manure, 4-6 kg of potassium chloride can be appropriately added to promote the growth of rapeseed and improve the resistance of rapeseed to disease and disease resistance. The field where boron deficiency soil and base fertilizer are not applied with boron fertilizer should be sprayed with 1-2 times of 0.2% borax aqueous solution (dissolved with warm water) in the bud stage to prevent the rape from being “flowery and unrealâ€.
Fifth, do a good job in the measurement and prevention of Sclerotium disease. In the early stage, the fields were poor in ventilation and light transmission conditions, and the disease resistance of rapeseed decreased, which was prone to sclerotium disease during flowering and pod development. It is necessary to strengthen the measurement and report, and do a good job in prevention and control in a timely manner to reduce the risk of Sclerotium disease Before the flowering period, when the incidence of plant leaves reaches 10%, it is necessary to use 30% sclerotia 0.1-0.2 kg or 50% carbendazim WP 0.1-0.2 kg to 40-50 kg. Lower stems and leaves are sprayed on the ground.
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