The occurrence of herbicide phytotoxicity and its prevention and control measures

In recent years, with the promotion and application of chemical herbicides in various crop fields, the occurrence and harm of weeds have been effectively controlled, and the production and efficiency of crops have been realized. At the same time, the field labor intensity of farmers is greatly reduced. However, improper use of herbicides can cause phytotoxicity to the season, squats and adjacent crops. The symptoms of phytotoxicity are acute, chronic and residual. The emergency type has the characteristics of rapid onset and obvious symptoms. Within a few hours or days after application, symptoms of phytotoxicity occur, such as leaf damage and root damage, and leaves appear spotted, perforated, anxious, curled, deformed, withered, yellowed. , chlorosis, whitening, etc.; the roots are short-term hypertrophy, the root hair is sparse, the root bark becomes yellow, thick and brittle, and rot. The chronic type has a certain incubation period, which hinders the growth and development of the crop, decreases the yield and quality, and deteriorates the flavor of the product. Residual type has no phytotoxicity in seasonal crops, and the pesticide remaining in the soil has the characteristics of phytotoxicity to the squat crop, causing the squat crop to not germinate or germination late, affecting normal growth, heavy rot, rotten bud, etc. . Therefore, scientific control measures should be taken to mitigate the harm of herbicides.

1. Detoxification in time. When herbicide phytotoxicity has occurred or is about to occur, measures should be taken to detox as soon as possible. The herbicide-containing water can be combined with irrigation to reduce the content of herbicide in the soil. For phytotoxicity on crop plants, toxic plants can be washed with clean water to reduce phytotoxicity. If phytotoxicity occurs in a local plot, it should be washed and cultivated, then replanted or replanted at the lack of seedlings, and organic fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer are applied. Poorly poisoned plots should be exposed to sun exposure, deep drips after rinsing, and then planted with a small amount of sensitive crops to ensure that no other crops can be planted.

2. Strengthen field management. The crop fields where the phytotoxicity occurs should be strengthened. Measures such as adding fertilizer, scientific irrigation, and fine pruning can be used to restore the physiological functions of the affected crops and promote the healthy growth of crops to reduce the harm of herbicides to crops.

3. Spray growth regulators to promote crop growth. Plant growth regulators have a good stimulating effect on the growth and development of crops. At the same time, zinc, iron, molybdenum and other micro-fertilizers and foliar fertilizers can be used to promote crop growth and effectively reduce phytotoxicity. Commonly used plant growth regulators are: gibberellin, auxin, Yunda 120, Fuleidine, Tianyuan foliar fertilizer, Yelvbao and photosynthetic micro-fertilizer.

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