Abstract I. Strategic considerations and main objectives of the construction of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone 1. Establishing a free trade zone is a national strategy China (Shanghai) Free Trade Pilot Zone is a national strategy and a major initiative to try first, deepen reform, and expand openness. ,deep meaning. This...
I. Strategic considerations and main objectives of the construction of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone 1. Establishing a free trade park is a national strategy
The construction of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone is a national strategy. It is a major initiative to try first, deepen reform, and expand opening up. It has far-reaching significance. This major reform focuses on institutional innovation and focuses on improving soft power. The impact of various tasks is high and difficult.
The construction of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone is a major measure to comply with the new trend of global economic and trade development and implement a more proactive and open strategy. The main task is to explore the new path and new model of China's opening up to the outside world, promote the transformation of government functions and administrative system reform, promote the transformation of economic growth mode and optimize the economic structure, and promote openness, promote reform, promote innovation, and form replicable , can promote the experience, serve the development of the country. Building China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone is conducive to cultivating China's new competitive advantages for the world, building a new platform for cooperation and development with all countries, expanding new space for economic growth, and creating an "upgraded version" of the Chinese economy.
2. Characteristics of free trade park: three freedoms, one guarantee
Arrangement for the free entry and exit of goods: There are no tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers. All goods that conform to international practice are unimpeded and are exempt from customs supervision.
Institutional freedom of investment arrangement: There are no restrictions on the industry and restrictions on business methods due to country differences, including freedom of investment, freedom of employment, freedom of operation, and freedom of entry and exit of business personnel.
Arrangement of financial freedom system: free exchange of foreign exchange, freedom of movement of funds and transfers, freedom of fund management, no distinction between national treatment and non-national treatment.
Legal and regulatory system guarantee: The free trade park is established according to law. The law clearly stipulates the regional nature and legal status of the free trade park and guarantees the development of free trade parks.
Second, the institutional innovation and progress of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
1. Institutional innovation is the core of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
The core of the Free Trade Park (Hong Kong) District is institutional innovation; the focus is on accelerating the transformation of government functions, aligning with the international community, and not making policies "squatting." Institutional innovation must be able to be replicated and promoted.
Institutional innovations include: government management system innovation, trade system innovation, investment system innovation, financial system innovation, and regulatory system innovation.
2. Progress of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
As of May 2014, the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone has accumulated nearly 9,000 new enterprises and a total of 17,000 registered enterprises in the region. Among them, banks, securities, insurance, funds, wealth management, financial information services, asset management, investment companies and other financial institutions more than 2,000;
Publish the negative version of the 2013 version and establish a pre-entry national treatment plus a negative list management model;
We will promote the reform of the commercial registration system, the registered capital subscription system, the registration system for the “first license†and the annual report publicity system, “one form registration, one acceptance, and parallel serviceâ€. The company's photo taking time has been shortened from 29 days to 4 days;
The reform of overseas investment management is mainly based on the filing system, and the case file can be issued in 5 days;
Trade facilitation pilot. The Customs has introduced 18 measures, with the warehouse receipts “first-in, first-declarationâ€; inspection and quarantine implementation of 23 inspection system innovations such as inspection and release, fast inspection and quick release;
The Free Trade Zone has piloted 19 industries in six areas including financial services, shipping services, business services and cultural services. The first batch of 23 service industry expansion measures have been fully implemented, and all corresponding enterprises have settled in or entered. Project reserve.
III. Future reform and innovation measures of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
1. Key tasks of the Shanghai Free Trade Zone in 2014
Launched a negative version of the 2014 version;
Expand the service industry opening (child care and pension, architectural design, accounting audit, trade logistics, e-commerce, inspection and certification, film and television publishing, etc.);
Promote the opening of manufacturing industry (marine engineering equipment, aerospace manufacturing, new energy, etc.);
Promote the classification and supervision of cargo status and the regulation of service trade;
Customs, inspection and quarantine "single window" management;
Comprehensive law enforcement system, information disclosure system, etc.
2. Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone will focus on the development of five industrial clusters
International trade industry cluster. Key developments: goods trade, service trade, off-the-shelf trade, bulk commodity trading, cross-border trade e-commerce, etc.
Financial services industry cluster. Key developments: RMB cross-border business, offshore financial business, financial leasing, asset management, professional finance, etc.
Shipping service industry cluster. Key developments: shipping professional services, shipping finance, modern logistics, international ship management, international transit collection, international aviation services, etc.
Professional service industry cluster. Key developments: cultural industries, intermediary services, social services, etc.
High-end manufacturing industry cluster. Key developments: high-end light manufacturing, production services (offshore research and development services, international maintenance services, international inspection and testing services), and information services (big data).
3. The Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone will focus on cultivating three major functional formats.
Headquarters Economy. Global Business Unit, Management Headquarters, Operation Control Headquarters, Investment Headquarters, R&D Headquarters, Trade Settlement Headquarters, Purchasing and Sales Headquarters, regional headquarters of multinational corporations, state-owned enterprise headquarters, and private enterprise headquarters.
Platform economy. Commodity trading platform, bonded display trading platform, cross-border e-commerce platform, etc.
New economy. Big data, cloud computing, mobile internet, internet finance, third-party payment, cultural finance.
IV. Opportunities and Challenges Brought by the Construction of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone to Advanced Manufacturing
1. Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone will focus on expanding manufacturing openness
The main considerations for the opening up of the manufacturing sector are as follows: First, domestic enterprises have been basically mastered in some fields, and they have occupied a certain market space at home and abroad. The market has fully competed, such as: construction machinery, the manufacture of ordinary bearings, etc. There is a big gap between domestic enterprises and foreign companies. There is no breakthrough in the short term (such as: automotive electronic bus network technology, electronic controllers for electric power steering systems). It is recommended to consider opening up foreign investment and strengthen local capacity training. Third, the state gives Major technical equipment and products of duty-free import preferential policies (such as supercritical thermal power units, large-scale coal chemical equipment, etc.), it is recommended to liberalize restrictions on foreign investment, cultivate local production capacity and reduce costs.
The Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone will allow foreign investors to engage in the design of deepwater offshore engineering equipment, the manufacture of large coal chemical equipment, the design of low and medium speed diesel engines and crankshafts, and the design, manufacture and maintenance of aerospace engine components. .
2. Lingang area may become the main carrier of manufacturing openness
The Lingang area covers Shanghai Lingang Industrial Zone and Xincheng District, with a total area of ​​31.5 square kilometers. It mainly includes the main industrial zone, the heavy equipment industrial zone (including Fengxian District), and the logistics park. The Lingang area is adjacent to the Pilot Free Trade Zone and has obvious regional advantages. It is the core carrying space of Shanghai's strategic emerging industries, with clear industrial positioning and outstanding policy advantages.
V. Suggestions for developing advanced manufacturing
1. To develop advanced manufacturing, we must grasp three major opportunities.
The strategic opportunity of the third industrial revolution. The third industrial revolution will lead to major changes in the global manufacturing landscape, including the global manufacturing comparative advantage pattern, the global manufacturing space layout and the global manufacturing comprehensive strength pattern.
China accelerates the development of strategic emerging industry strategic opportunities. Promote the development of China's emerging industries, technological innovation, the integration of secondary and tertiary industries, the upgrading of traditional industries, the easing of bottlenecks of factors, and the creation of new industrial growth points and new business models.
Strategic opportunities for the construction of the Shanghai Free Trade Zone. Institutional innovation opportunities, manufacturing expansion opportunities, industrial upgrading opportunities, international capital talent opportunities, opportunities for expansion of the pilot zone.
2. Seize the new highland of the development of the advanced manufacturing industry in Lingang
First: Grasp the opportunity of expanding the zone in the Pilot Free Trade Zone, and focus on the dominant areas to seize the commanding heights of development.
These include high-end machine tools, precision manufacturing, aero-engine parts manufacturing, and solar energy.
Second: docking the innovation requirements of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, achieving technological breakthroughs and applied innovations around key areas.
These include next-generation information technology, new energy and green low-carbon technologies, and new materials technologies. Focus on strengthening technological breakthroughs in the field of industrial convergence technology, strengthen application technology innovation and detection technology innovation, strengthen the cross-border combination of industrial forms and application models, focus on building technology transformation platforms, and accelerate the conversion of experimental technologies to industrial technology.
Third: Comply with the transformation trend of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, encourage manufacturing enterprises to innovate and promote “micro-multinational companiesâ€.
These include production model innovation, organizational model innovation, and technology model innovation. Actively cultivate "micro-transnational corporations" and promote the transformation of manufacturing enterprises to the "smile curve".
Fourth: Based on the opening characteristics of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, actively participate in globalization and participate in the international division of labor.
Constantly expand new open areas and development space, and accelerate the solution to the institutional bottlenecks encountered in expanding development.
Fifth: Responding to the system innovation requirements of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, shaping the “dividends†of institutional reform and innovation.
Innovate key technological breakthroughs and industrialized institutional arrangements, innovate investment and financing mechanisms for the development of emerging industries, establish institutional norms for effective protection of intellectual property rights, and institutional arrangements for innovative human capital agglomeration.
Reporter's Summary : Building China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone is a major measure to comply with the new trend of global economic and trade development and implement a more proactive and open strategy. Among the five industrial clusters that the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone will focus on, it will include high-end manufacturing clusters covering the superhard materials and products industries. China's superhard materials and products industry, as one of the key developments of China's new materials industry and national strategic emerging industries, fully meets the conditions and requirements for the development and opening up of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone. China's superhard materials and products industry should strive to seize this challenge and opportunity to seize the new high ground of international advanced manufacturing development.
(This article was compiled by the reporter of China Superhard Materials Network according to the keynote speech of Ren Xinjian, Director of the Shanghai Institute of Development and Reform and the Institute of Financial Research, “Shanghai Free Trade Zone Construction and Advanced Manufacturing Development†The text has not been reviewed by me.)
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