Foliar topdressing is also called top dressing. It is a kind of fertilization method that combines fertilizer into a certain concentration solution to spray on the surface of fruit leaves and absorb it into the tree through the leaf surface. Foliar topdressing in the growing season of fruit trees is an effective means to supplement soil fertility. It has the characteristics of small fertilizer, high utilization rate, quick effect and obvious effect, which can avoid the fixed loss of soil fertilization, especially drought and water shortage. When soil fertilization is not easy to play a role, foliar topdressing can effectively improve the nutritional status of the tree and create conditions for the growth and development of fruit trees. Pay attention to the following points when carrying out fruit and leaf topdressing.
First, the type, period and dosage of spray fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer should generally be used in the early and late stages of fruit growth, and appropriate combination of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Appropriate spraying concentration can effectively promote the growth of new shoots, increase fruit yield, and facilitate flower bud differentiation. The concentration of urea used in the early stage is 0.2%-0.3%, and the concentration in the later period is 0.3%-0.5%; the concentration of used manure in the early stage is 0.5%, and the concentration in the later stage is 10%. Phosphate fertilizer spraying should master the principle of less in the early stage and more in the middle and late stages. The best effect is ammonium phosphate, the concentration is 0.5%-1%; the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2%-0.5%; the concentration of superphosphate leaching solution is 1%-3%. Potassium fertilizer is mostly used in the middle and late stages. It can effectively promote fruit coloration, improve fruit quality and enhance disease resistance. The concentration of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate is 0.3%-0.5%; the ash is soaked in 5-15 kg of water plus 0.5 kg of ash for 24 hours, and then the slag is filtered to be sprayed.
Trace elements. In the previous year, if lobular disease was found, it could be sprayed 3%-5% one month before the germination of the fruit tree and 0.15%-0.25% zinc sulphate solution in the growth period. When the leaves are found to be chlorotic, they are yellowish white, and a 0.3%-0.5% ferrous sulfate solution can be sprayed every half month during the growing season. It was found that when the fruit was deformed and deformed, and there were dry spots on the outside, 0.3%-0.5% borax solution could be sprayed before and after the next year's flowering.
Second, the spraying time. In order to prolong the time of leaf fertilizer absorption and improve the fertilizer utilization rate, foliar topdressing should be carried out before 10:00 am and after 4 pm, and the best effect is applied in the semi-yin and windless days. The spraying of nitrogen fertilizer during the full flowering period can increase the fruit setting rate; the spraying of nitrogen fertilizer in the young fruit stage can promote the expansion of young fruit; the spraying of nitrogen fertilizer in May and June can effectively promote the differentiation of flower buds; the spraying of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can increase the sugar content and promote coloration; Trace elements can be applied before and after the flowering period.
Third, the spraying method. Foliar top dressing can be carried out separately, or it can be sprayed with several kinds of fertilizers or mixed with pesticides to save labor. However, mixed spraying should pay attention to the application of fertilizers or pesticides, which can not produce fertilizer or phytotoxicity. Urea is a neutral fertilizer, which can be mixed with a variety of pesticides. Different pesticides and fertilizers can not be mixed, such as various micro-fertilizers. Mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash and lime, zinc fertilizer cannot be mixed with superphosphate. Before mixing the fertilizer with the pesticide, put a small amount of the solution into the same container. If there is no turbidity, precipitation, bubbles, etc., it means that it can be mixed, otherwise it can not be mixed. When foliar topdressing, it is necessary to go up and down first, evenly and carefully, with sprayed leaf back as the main.
The effective period of foliar topdressing is generally only 12-15 days. It needs to be sprayed continuously for 2-3 times. Long-term spraying will affect root growth and weaken the physiological functions of roots. Therefore, based on soil fertilization, foliar topdressing should be used as a kind of Quickly supplement the nutritional supplements to apply.
Huaxian Liu Huimin
First, the type, period and dosage of spray fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer should generally be used in the early and late stages of fruit growth, and appropriate combination of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Appropriate spraying concentration can effectively promote the growth of new shoots, increase fruit yield, and facilitate flower bud differentiation. The concentration of urea used in the early stage is 0.2%-0.3%, and the concentration in the later period is 0.3%-0.5%; the concentration of used manure in the early stage is 0.5%, and the concentration in the later stage is 10%. Phosphate fertilizer spraying should master the principle of less in the early stage and more in the middle and late stages. The best effect is ammonium phosphate, the concentration is 0.5%-1%; the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2%-0.5%; the concentration of superphosphate leaching solution is 1%-3%. Potassium fertilizer is mostly used in the middle and late stages. It can effectively promote fruit coloration, improve fruit quality and enhance disease resistance. The concentration of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate is 0.3%-0.5%; the ash is soaked in 5-15 kg of water plus 0.5 kg of ash for 24 hours, and then the slag is filtered to be sprayed.
Trace elements. In the previous year, if lobular disease was found, it could be sprayed 3%-5% one month before the germination of the fruit tree and 0.15%-0.25% zinc sulphate solution in the growth period. When the leaves are found to be chlorotic, they are yellowish white, and a 0.3%-0.5% ferrous sulfate solution can be sprayed every half month during the growing season. It was found that when the fruit was deformed and deformed, and there were dry spots on the outside, 0.3%-0.5% borax solution could be sprayed before and after the next year's flowering.
Second, the spraying time. In order to prolong the time of leaf fertilizer absorption and improve the fertilizer utilization rate, foliar topdressing should be carried out before 10:00 am and after 4 pm, and the best effect is applied in the semi-yin and windless days. The spraying of nitrogen fertilizer during the full flowering period can increase the fruit setting rate; the spraying of nitrogen fertilizer in the young fruit stage can promote the expansion of young fruit; the spraying of nitrogen fertilizer in May and June can effectively promote the differentiation of flower buds; the spraying of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can increase the sugar content and promote coloration; Trace elements can be applied before and after the flowering period.
Third, the spraying method. Foliar top dressing can be carried out separately, or it can be sprayed with several kinds of fertilizers or mixed with pesticides to save labor. However, mixed spraying should pay attention to the application of fertilizers or pesticides, which can not produce fertilizer or phytotoxicity. Urea is a neutral fertilizer, which can be mixed with a variety of pesticides. Different pesticides and fertilizers can not be mixed, such as various micro-fertilizers. Mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash and lime, zinc fertilizer cannot be mixed with superphosphate. Before mixing the fertilizer with the pesticide, put a small amount of the solution into the same container. If there is no turbidity, precipitation, bubbles, etc., it means that it can be mixed, otherwise it can not be mixed. When foliar topdressing, it is necessary to go up and down first, evenly and carefully, with sprayed leaf back as the main.
The effective period of foliar topdressing is generally only 12-15 days. It needs to be sprayed continuously for 2-3 times. Long-term spraying will affect root growth and weaken the physiological functions of roots. Therefore, based on soil fertilization, foliar topdressing should be used as a kind of Quickly supplement the nutritional supplements to apply.
Huaxian Liu Huimin
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