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Solar Panel: Principle of Solar Cell Power Generation
Solar cells are a pair of devices that respond light and convert light energy into electricity. There are many kinds of materials that can produce photovoltaic effect, such as: monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, selenium indium copper and so on. Their power generation principle is basically the same. The crystal is used as an example to describe the process of photovoltaic power generation. P-type crystalline silicon can obtain N-type silicon through doping with phosphorus to form a P-N junction.
When the light shines on the surface of the solar cell, some of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material; the energy of the photons is transmitted to the silicon atoms, causing the electrons to migrate and become free electrons that accumulate on both sides of the P-N junction to form a potential difference when the external connection occurs. When passing through the circuit, under the action of this voltage, there will be a current flowing through the external circuit to generate a certain output power. The essence of this process is the process of converting photon energy into electricity.
Crystal silicon solar cell manufacturing process
"Silicon" is one of the most abundant materials on our planet. Since scientists discovered the crystalline nature of crystalline silicon in the 19th century, it has changed everything, even human thinking. At the end of the 20th century, "silicon" was seen everywhere in our lives, and crystalline silicon solar cells were the fastest industrialized in the past 15 years. The production process can be roughly divided into five steps: a, purification process b, pulling process c, slicing process d, battery production process e, and packaging process.
Solar cell applications
In the 1960s, scientists had already applied solar cells to space technology—communications satellites. At the end of the last century, in the process of human self-reflection, this kind of clean and direct form of energy for photovoltaic power generation has become more cordial. Not only in space applications, but also in many fields. Such as: solar garden light, solar power household system, independent system of village power supply, photovoltaic water pump (water or irrigation), communication power, cathodic protection of oil pipeline, power supply of optical cable communication pump station, seawater desalination system, road sign in town, high speed Highway signposts, etc. Advanced countries such as Europe and the United States have integrated photovoltaic power generation into the urban power system and the remote villages' natural village power supply systems in the development direction. The integration of solar cells and building systems has become an industrial trend
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