First, vegetable fertilization four bogey
1. Avoid applying nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. The application of nitrate-nitrogen fertilizer to vegetables will increase the nitrate content of vegetables by a multiple. Vegetables with high nitrate content are easily degenerated by human hemoglobin after being eaten by humans, and the brain, heart and other organs are deprived of oxygen. Therefore, in the cultivation of vegetables, it is not allowed to apply nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, and ammonium nitrogen fertilizer can be selected.
2. Avoid applying chlorine fertilizer. Chlorine-containing fertilizers are applied to vegetable fields. When ammonium or potassium ions are absorbed by soil or absorbed by crops, chloride ions remain in the soil. When the concentration reaches a certain level, it will poison the crop roots, reduce the starch and sugar content of the vegetables, and even lead to plant death.
3. Avoid applying fresh manure. Fresh manure and urine that have not been piled up and rotted contain ascaris eggs. Ascaris eggs have strong living ability in the outside world and generally survive for 3 to 6 months. When people eat vegetables contaminated with mites, they become infected with tsutsugamushi. Therefore, human excrement must be suffocated by high temperature before application, so that it is fully decomposed.
4. Avoid drought fertilization. Vegetables are hi-water crops. When the soil is dry, fertilization can not only fully exert the fertilizer effect, but also cause the rooting phenomenon when the concentration of the soil solution suddenly rises.
Second, foliar topdressing technology
Foliar topdressing is a kind of cultivation technology that is economical, quick-acting, high-yield and improved in quality in vegetable production. It can promote the growth of vegetables, prevent premature aging and prolong the growth period.
1. Choose the right fertilizer according to the different growth stages of different types of vegetables.
Fruits, melons, and legumes should be applied with phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and molybdenum fertilizers during the development of seedlings, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, chicken manure fermentation filtrate, and soy production. In order to promote fruit expansion and improve quality; potato vegetables should be sprayed with phosphorus and potassium-rich fertilizers during the expansion period, such as superphosphate leaching solution, plant ash leaching solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, etc.; During the whole growth period, timely and appropriate amount of foliage should be applied to fertilizers with high nitrogen content, such as urea, ammonium nitrate, and decomposed human and animal urine.
2, concentration and dosage.
The concentration of the sprayed fertilizer solution should be light in the early stage, and should be concentrated in the middle and late stages; the amount of the acre used is less in the early stage and more in the middle and late stages. The suitable concentration of urea is 0.3%-0.5%, the dosage is 50-100 kg; the suitable concentration of potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate is 0.2%-0.4%, and the dosage is 80-100 kg; The suitable concentration of potassium hydrogen is 0.2%-0.3%, the dosage is 50-60 kg; the suitable concentration of superphosphate leaching solution is 1%-3%, the dosage is 50-100 kg; the suitable concentration of boric acid is 0.03%~ 0.1%, the amount of mu is 50-80 kg; for the preparation of the ash leaching solution of grass, 10 kg of heating water per acre can be used for 10 kg, soak for 24 hours, and add water 50-75 kg after filtering residue.
3. Time and number of times.
Foliar spray fertilizer should be carried out on a sunny day without wind. It is best to have 3 to 4 days of sunny days after spraying. It is best to spray in the evening. It can also be sprayed after the morning dew is dry. Spray once every 7 to 10 days after the first spray, and spray continuously for 3 to 4 times. The sprayed fertilizer solution should be used now and should not be put on for a long time.
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