According to the latest data released by the United Nations on the 9th, the damage caused by land degradation is equivalent to 5% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the global agricultural sector. It is urgent to take into account the economic and social impacts of land degradation and adopt sustainable land management.
The second scientific meeting of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification was held on the 9th in Bonn, Germany. The research report released by the conference shows that the direct economic losses caused by global land degradation vary greatly. 4% to 12% of agricultural GDP in Africa is lost due to land degradation, while in Guatemala it is as high as 24%.
The social costs of land degradation are equally disturbing, with some 870 million people worldwide chronically starved. In Uzbekistan, land degradation has resulted in a 20% to 30% reduction in food production. The 2011 drought caused food aid to reach nearly 3.7 million people in East Africa.
In 1992, the United Nations conducted an assessment of economic losses caused by desertification, land degradation and drought, and concluded that it caused direct economic losses of $42 billion per year. However, the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Luc Nyakaja, said that the assessment was relatively modest in the past and did not take into account the indirect losses caused by desertification.
The second scientific meeting of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification will close on the 12th. The conference aimed to provide a more comprehensive economic assessment of desertification, sustainable land management and resilience in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas to provide policy makers with a decision-making reference. Nyakaja said that he hopes that the meeting will further enhance people's understanding of drought and its impact, and achieve the goal of preventing land degradation and soil remediation.
The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification is one of the three environmental conventions under the framework of Agenda 21 adopted by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992. The secretariat is located in Bonn, Germany. The Convention entered into force in 1996 to help countries with severe drought and desertification combat desertification, mitigate the effects of drought, and assist affected countries and regions to achieve sustainable development.
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