The external thermal insulation project is generally composed of an insulation layer and a protective layer. Due to the physical properties of the insulation and protective layer materials and the environmental factors of the building, the long-term safety damage of the external thermal insulation project mainly comes from important factors such as earthquake, wind, external impact, fire, rain and snow, and frost heaving. Among them, earthquakes, fires and external impacts are uncommon incidents. Wind, rain, snow and frost heaving are serious and common destructive factors in the north and south of China. The main reason for the destructive effect of these destructive factors is that the insulation layer and the main wall are not firmly fixed and directly occur, or the protective layer is cracked and indirectly occurs, and negative wind pressure or frost heaving is the main phenomenon. It is not difficult to see that as an external thermal insulation engineering technology, fire safety reliability must be ensured from materials and engineering, and wind pressure damage, frost heaving damage, impact damage, and wind and snow damage must be guaranteed from the application technology. Therefore, solving the cracking and waterproofing of the external thermal insulation project is the most important technical way and engineering technical problem to solve the negative wind pressure damage and frost heaving damage, or flooding damage.
It is important to influence the surface appearance of the external thermal insulation project: the external thermal insulation engineering finishes mainly include permanent immutable veneers such as veneer bricks, dry hanging stones, glass curtain walls and various paints and other variable finishes. The reliability of the veneer tile finish in the former is closely related to the degree of guarantee of the external thermal insulation technology. The latter is completely determined by the degree of completeness and reliability of the external insulation technology.
The main problems of the quality of external thermal insulation engineering
1. Fire: In China, there are many high-rise buildings in the building. There are also strict requirements for the fire resistance of the insulation system. Once the flammable materials are fired as insulation materials, the consequences are unimaginable. The Jinan Olympic Sports Center and a dormitory in Shanghai are one. A realistic example.
2. The cause of cracking and cracking is mainly caused by the internal stress, shrinkage ratio, physical properties of the wall and the insulation layer. Once the insulation layer and the protective layer are cracked, the wall will see a large area of ​​water seepage, and its thermal insulation performance will change greatly, which can not meet the energy-saving design requirements, and even endanger the safety of the wall itself.
3, shedding, the bonding strength of each layer of material in the insulation system is to meet the national standard. Once it falls off, it will seriously endanger life and property, and seriously affect the aesthetic appearance of the building facade and the service life of the wall itself.
How can we improve the overall quality of the external wall insulation project?
1. The team responsible for on-site construction must formulate a careful external wall insulation construction process plan and process requirements. Within one week before the external wall insulation construction, the construction team technical person in charge must perform thorough and professional construction and safety construction on the site construction personnel. The training will provide Party A with a detailed construction technology delivery plan, so that the workers can master the comprehensive technical requirements and ensure that the construction is carried out in strict accordance with the norms and regulations during the construction process.
2, polystyrene board or extruded board and other auxiliary insulation materials must meet the building structure drawing design requirements, in line with the current building energy efficiency standards; any unit and individual can not arbitrarily change the external wall insulation system practices or reduce energy-saving design standards, Wan If it is really necessary to change the design requirements of the external wall insulation, the original design unit must issue the change procedures and be examined by the quality supervision organization before organizing the construction according to the approved change design documents.
3. The person in charge of material management must strictly control the insulation materials of the external walls entering the field. All external wall insulation systems and products used for thermal insulation boards for exterior insulation must use energy-saving technology products that meet the policy requirements set by Beijing Municipality. The materials used in the external thermal insulation project must be stamped and stamped by the manufacturer's product qualification certificate and performance test report. The specifications, varieties and performance of various materials comply with the design specifications and relevant regulations. After the materials enter the site, they should be sampled and re-inspected according to the building construction specifications. It is absolutely strictly prohibited to use materials that do not meet the requirements in the project.
4. Before the construction, it is required to complete the installation of the related parts such as the door and window frame and pass the acceptance work of the quality department. The size and position of each window must meet the design requirements and quality requirements. During the construction, the joints of the external wall insulation system must be closed. The corners and the yin and yang angles should be partially strengthened, and the deformation prevention should be done. When the temperature of the working environment is above 15 °C, it is most suitable for the construction of external wall insulation. The relative humidity of the air is less than 80%.
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