When the motor runs or malfunctions, it can prevent and eliminate faults by watching, hearing, smelling, and touching in four ways to ensure the safe operation of the motor.
Observe whether there are abnormalities in the operation of the motor, and its main manifestations are the following situations.
one look
1. When the stator windings are short-circuited, the motor may smoke.
2. When the motor is heavily overloaded or runs out of phase, the speed will slow down and have a heavier hum.
3, the normal operation of the motor, but when suddenly stopped, will see the wiring loose place to spark; fuse blown or a part was stuck and so on.
4. If the motor vibrates violently, it may be that the transmission is stuck or the motor is not fixed properly, and the foot bolt is loose.
5. If there are discoloration, burning marks, smoke trails, etc. in the contacts and joints of the motor, there may be local overheating, poor contact of the conductor connection, or burning of the winding.
Second, listen
When the motor is operating normally, it should emit a uniform and light hum, no noise and special sound. If the noise emitted is too large, including electromagnetic noise, bearing noise, ventilation noise, mechanical friction sound, etc., may be a sign of failure or failure.
1. For electromagnetic noise, if the motor emits loud and heavy sounds, there are several possible causes.
(1) The air gap between the stator and the rotor is not uniform. At this time, the sound fluctuates and the interval between the high and low frequencies does not change. This is caused by the wear of the bearing and thus the stator and the rotor.
(2) Three-phase current imbalance. This is the reason that the three-phase winding has a faulty ground, a short circuit, or a poor contact. If the sound is boring, it indicates that the motor is heavily overloaded or is missing phase operation.
(3) Loose core. In operation, the motor loosens the fixing bolts of the iron core due to vibrations, causing the silicon steel sheet of the iron core to loosen, causing noise.
2. For bearing noise, it should always be monitored during motor operation. The monitoring method is as follows: One end of the screwdriver is placed on the bearing installation location, and the other end is close to the ear, and the running sound of the bearing can be heard. If the bearings are operating normally, the sound is continuous and small rustling, there will be no changes in the height and the metal friction sound. The following types of sound are abnormal.
(1) When the bearing runs, there is a buzzing noise. This is a metallic friction sound, which is generally caused by the lack of oil in the bearing. The bearing should be disassembled and filled with an appropriate amount of grease.
(2) If a squeak occurs, this is a sound produced when the ball rotates. It is generally caused by grease drying or lack of oil, and can be filled with an appropriate amount of grease.
(3) If there is a rattle or buzz, it is the sound generated by the irregular movement of the ball in the bearing. This is caused by damage to the balls in the bearing or the use of the motor for a long time and the grease dries out.
3, if the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism to send a continuous rather than flickering sound, can be divided into the following situations.
(1) Periodic squeaking, caused by uneven belt joints.
(2) Periodic squeaking, caused by looseness of the coupling or pulley and the shaft and wear of the key or keyway.
(3) Inhomogeneous impact sounds caused by the fan blades colliding with the fan guard.
Third, smell
It is also possible to judge and prevent malfunctions by smelling the smell of a motor. If a special paint smell is found, the internal temperature of the motor is too high; if a heavy smell or burnt odor is found, it may be that the insulation layer is broken down or the winding is burned.
Fourth, touch
Touching the temperature of some parts of the motor can also determine the cause of the fault. To ensure safety, touch the back of the motor to touch the motor housing and the surrounding parts of the bearing when touching it. If abnormal temperatures are found, the reasons may be the following.
1, poor ventilation. Such as the fan off, air passages blocked.
2, overload. Causes the current to be too large to overheat the stator windings.
3, stator windings short circuit or three-phase current imbalance.
4, frequent start or brake.
5. If the temperature around the bearing is too high, it may be due to bearing damage or lack of oil.
Observe whether there are abnormalities in the operation of the motor, and its main manifestations are the following situations.
one look
1. When the stator windings are short-circuited, the motor may smoke.
2. When the motor is heavily overloaded or runs out of phase, the speed will slow down and have a heavier hum.
3, the normal operation of the motor, but when suddenly stopped, will see the wiring loose place to spark; fuse blown or a part was stuck and so on.
4. If the motor vibrates violently, it may be that the transmission is stuck or the motor is not fixed properly, and the foot bolt is loose.
5. If there are discoloration, burning marks, smoke trails, etc. in the contacts and joints of the motor, there may be local overheating, poor contact of the conductor connection, or burning of the winding.
Second, listen
When the motor is operating normally, it should emit a uniform and light hum, no noise and special sound. If the noise emitted is too large, including electromagnetic noise, bearing noise, ventilation noise, mechanical friction sound, etc., may be a sign of failure or failure.
1. For electromagnetic noise, if the motor emits loud and heavy sounds, there are several possible causes.
(1) The air gap between the stator and the rotor is not uniform. At this time, the sound fluctuates and the interval between the high and low frequencies does not change. This is caused by the wear of the bearing and thus the stator and the rotor.
(2) Three-phase current imbalance. This is the reason that the three-phase winding has a faulty ground, a short circuit, or a poor contact. If the sound is boring, it indicates that the motor is heavily overloaded or is missing phase operation.
(3) Loose core. In operation, the motor loosens the fixing bolts of the iron core due to vibrations, causing the silicon steel sheet of the iron core to loosen, causing noise.
2. For bearing noise, it should always be monitored during motor operation. The monitoring method is as follows: One end of the screwdriver is placed on the bearing installation location, and the other end is close to the ear, and the running sound of the bearing can be heard. If the bearings are operating normally, the sound is continuous and small rustling, there will be no changes in the height and the metal friction sound. The following types of sound are abnormal.
(1) When the bearing runs, there is a buzzing noise. This is a metallic friction sound, which is generally caused by the lack of oil in the bearing. The bearing should be disassembled and filled with an appropriate amount of grease.
(2) If a squeak occurs, this is a sound produced when the ball rotates. It is generally caused by grease drying or lack of oil, and can be filled with an appropriate amount of grease.
(3) If there is a rattle or buzz, it is the sound generated by the irregular movement of the ball in the bearing. This is caused by damage to the balls in the bearing or the use of the motor for a long time and the grease dries out.
3, if the transmission mechanism and the transmission mechanism to send a continuous rather than flickering sound, can be divided into the following situations.
(1) Periodic squeaking, caused by uneven belt joints.
(2) Periodic squeaking, caused by looseness of the coupling or pulley and the shaft and wear of the key or keyway.
(3) Inhomogeneous impact sounds caused by the fan blades colliding with the fan guard.
Third, smell
It is also possible to judge and prevent malfunctions by smelling the smell of a motor. If a special paint smell is found, the internal temperature of the motor is too high; if a heavy smell or burnt odor is found, it may be that the insulation layer is broken down or the winding is burned.
Fourth, touch
Touching the temperature of some parts of the motor can also determine the cause of the fault. To ensure safety, touch the back of the motor to touch the motor housing and the surrounding parts of the bearing when touching it. If abnormal temperatures are found, the reasons may be the following.
1, poor ventilation. Such as the fan off, air passages blocked.
2, overload. Causes the current to be too large to overheat the stator windings.
3, stator windings short circuit or three-phase current imbalance.
4, frequent start or brake.
5. If the temperature around the bearing is too high, it may be due to bearing damage or lack of oil.
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