Yellow Sea Outbreaks in the Eight Years in a Row

Yellow Sea Outbreaks in the Eight Years in a Row

"The environmental protection department does not go to the sea and the marine sector does not go ashore"

Large-scale green tide of Enteromorpha is flowing from the central part of the Yellow Sea to the north along the coast of Shandong Province. This will be the eighth consecutive year that the Yellow Sea has experienced a large-scale green tide of Enteromorpha. It seems that people have become accustomed to smelling the pungent smell of Brassica officinalis on the seashore in the summer. They are used to picking up the carragherm to be buried in the suburbs, and even part of the Brassica moss is made into feed and fertilizer. “To change waste into treasure” is indeed fortunate, but people should not forget that it is the evil fruit of human pollution of the ocean. Like red tide, it is a warning issued by the sea to the unscrupulous pollution of human beings.

The reporter learned that more than 80% of the ocean’s pollution sources come from land, but the division of labor of China’s environmental protection agencies and marine departments has caused the control and supervision of land-based sources of pollutants to face the dilemma of “the EPA does not go to the sea and the Ocean Bureau does not land”, resulting in the management of marine pollution. And the marine ecology is passive to environmental protection. Experts called for cracking this type of management as soon as possible to form a unified and coordinated ocean pollution control and marine ecological environmental protection management and law enforcement system.

Frequent green tides and red tides: warning humans

The Beihai Forecasting Center of the State Oceanic Administration has recently detected a large area of ​​green tide of Brassica in the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea. The monitoring data of June 9 showed that the green tide of the Yellow Sea Bohai Sea covered an area of ​​about 310 square kilometers, with an area of ​​about 21,161 square kilometers, about 20 kilometers from Shandong Rizhao, and about 5 kilometers from Qingdao, Shandong, and continued northward. drift.

The green tide of Enteromorpha will once again flock to some coastal areas in Shandong this year. The green, escarpmented moss will accumulate on the beach, sending out a strong smell of seaweed. The workers will also have to pull it into the vehicle to fill it. Buried processing. Since 2007, this is the 8th time that the green tide of Enteromorpha has affected some coastal areas in Shandong province, hitting coastal tourism and threatening the aquaculture industry.

According to researcher of the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shao Shaojun said that the continuous flooding of the yellow sea tide in the Yellow Sea has sounded the alarm for the deterioration of the ecological environment in the Yellow Sea. This shows that the economic activities of the coastal humanity have made the ecological environment of the Yellow Sea fragile and the growth of Brassica has reflected the Yellow Sea. Ammonia-nitrogen levels in the offshore waters have reached a large number of conditions for Enteromorpha prolifera, because Brassica oleracea is a typical organism for the eutrophication of seawater.

The reporter learned that researchers are currently conducting research on the formation mechanism and causes of outbreaks of canola, and no consensus has yet been reached. However, the basic consensus is that the presence of a large amount of ammonia nitrogen in seawater is an essential element in the formation of canola. Therefore, it is the result of large amounts of pollutants discharged into the ocean during coastal economic activities. The sea absorbs excessive ammonia nitrogen in the seawater through outbreaks of Enteromorpha and self-recovers water quality. It also warns humans.

Red tide is a kind of micro-algae compared with macroalgae, but the cause of formation is closely related to human over-economic activity. According to statistics, 13 red tides were discovered in the Bohai Sea alone in 2013, covering an area of ​​approximately 1,880 square kilometers. According to Li Qinliang, a researcher at the Beihai Monitoring Center of the State Oceanic Administration, there are two types of red tides: one is the eutrophication of seawater, which is mainly due to over-discharge of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sewage on the land; the other is human overfishing, and the original one is unicellular algae. The number of animals was significantly reduced, and this unicellular algae broke out on a large scale.

A sudden burst of oil damages the marine spirit

Oil spills are one of the major sources of pollution in the marine environment in recent years. In addition to oil spills and land-source industrial pollutants from normal navigation of ships, major sudden oil spills can cause serious damage to the marine environment, such as the sinking of large ships. Drilling platforms and production accidents in coastal refineries.

On July 16, 2010, an explosion occurred in the Dalian Xingang Oil Pipeline. The contaminated sea area was approximately 430 square kilometers, of which the heavily polluted sea area was approximately 12 square kilometers, and the general polluted sea area was approximately 52 square kilometers.

At the beginning of June 2011, oil spill accidents occurred on the B and C platforms of the Penglai 19-3 oil field in Bohai, and the area of ​​accidental seawater contamination was at least 5,500 square kilometers, mainly concentrated in the waters surrounding the Penglai 19-3 oilfield and the northwestern waters, including the inferior four seawater areas. The total area of ​​about 870 square kilometers.

On November 22, 2013, an explosion accident occurred on Sinopec's Donghuang Oil Pipeline, causing crude oil to enter the sea. The monitoring results show that more oil film on the sea surface is concentrated on the inner waters of Jiaozhou Bay from Qingdao Tuandao to Huangdao. The concentration of petroleum in the local waters exceeds the quality standard of the second type of seawater, and the oil is distributed on the west coast of the large islands of Huangdao.

This is three serious oil spill accidents in Huang Bohai over the past three years. Some experts believe that the “July 16” Dalian oil pollution incident and the Penglai 19-3 oil spill incident will increase the average concentration of petroleum in the sea. Generally, under the effect of seawater dilution and self-purification, the water quality should be restored to a faster level. However, these two oil spill accidents are in the Bohai Sea, and the Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed sea with a low level of seawater exchange and therefore a longer recovery time.

The impact of major oil spill accidents on the marine ecological environment, marine environmental experts are more pessimistic attitude, they believe that oil spills will have a medium-to-long-term impact on the Bohai eco-system, in particular, the oil on the sea floor is difficult to be diluted and self-cleaning. Habitats cause damage and affect the entire marine life chain.

Regulatory structure to be cracked

The “2013 China Marine Environment Bulletin” issued by the State Oceanic Administration shows that China’s marine environment was generally better in 2013, but the pressure of land-based effluent discharge was still huge, and the offshore waters in the nearshore areas were seriously polluted and did not reach the first seawater quality. With a total area of ​​144,000 square kilometers, the area of ​​eutrophication is approximately 65,000 square kilometers. The heavily polluted areas are mainly distributed in the northern Yellow Sea, Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, Laizhou Bay, Yancheng, Jiangsu, Yangtze River estuary, Hangzhou Bay, and Pearl River estuaries. The main pollution factors are inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate, and petroleum.

Sun Peiyan, a researcher at the Beihai Monitoring Center of the State Oceanic Administration, said in an interview with a reporter from the Economic Information Daily that more than 80% of marine environmental pollution originates from land, including rivers, coastal aquaculture, and industrial pollutant emissions. Therefore, land resources must be strictly controlled. The total amount of pollutants discharged into the sea will be supervised and ensured that the land-based pollutant discharge outlets meet the discharge standards.

However, some grass-roots marine and fishery departments have reported to reporters that the control and supervision of land-based sources of pollutants is facing the dilemma of “the environmental protection department does not go to the sea and the marine sector does not go ashore”. The marine management department can only supervise the “sewage discharge ports into the sea” and the “dumping areas of the sea” and it is difficult to supervise the rivers from the upstream. The local environmental protection agencies can only supervise local rivers and do nothing about transboundary rivers. The regulation of the rivers and seas is not clearly defined by the marine sector.

Experts believe that the management pattern of “environmental protection departments not landing in the sea and the offshore sector not coming ashore” and the barriers to the division of administrative regions are to be solved urgently to form a unified and coordinated marine pollution control and marine ecological environmental protection management and law enforcement system.

For oil spill accidents, it is also necessary to break the management of oil spills from ships to the management of the marine sector, and the oil spill from the drilling platform should be managed by the marine sector. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of ship oil spill risks, enhance maritime traffic safety awareness, improve the professional quality of employees, and strengthen the supervision of the safety production of coastal refinery companies and drilling platforms.

In addition, marine legal experts pointed out that the “Marine Environmental Protection Law” has not been amended since 1999 and there are no supporting regulations and laws on how to claim damages and how to repair marine ecological damage after the damage caused by the marine environment. Based on the need to re-revise.

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