1. The meaning of plastic performance parameters 
Tensile Strength
In a tensile test, the maximum tensile stress that the specimen undergoes until it breaks. The result is expressed in kilograms/cm 2 [Pa]. The area used in the calculation is the original cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen at the fracture.
Young's modulus
The modulus of elasticity under tension, that is, the ratio of the tensile stress to the corresponding strain, is expressed in kilo-force/cm 2 [Pa] ratio.
Elastic limit
The maximum stress the material can withstand under any conditions of permanent deformation except stress, expressed in kg/cm2 [Pa]
Note: In the actual measurement of strain, small loads rather than zero loads are often used as the final or initial reference load.
Elastic Modulus
Within the limits of proportionality, the ratio of the stresses to the material such as tension, compression, bending, twisting, shearing, etc., to the corresponding strain produced by the material, expressed in kg/cm2 [Pa]
Impact strength
(1) The maximum capacity of the material to withstand the impact load.
(2) The ratio of the work consumed in material failure to the cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen under impact load is expressed in kilograms·cm/cm 2 (Newton·m/m 2 ).
Bending strength
The maximum stress that a material can sustain when subjected to bending loads or reaches a specified deflection, expressed in kilograms per centimeter [Pa]
Vicat softening point test
A test method for evaluating the tendency of thermoplastics to deform at high temperatures. The method is to put a flat top needle with a specified load and a cross-sectional area of ​​1 mm 2 on the sample under constant temperature rising conditions, and the temperature is the temperature when the flat top needle penetrates the sample 1 mm. The measured softening temperature of the Vicat soft card.
hardness
The resistance of plastic materials to imprints and scratches.
Note: According to the test method, there are Barcol hardness, Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Shore hardness, Mohs hardness, and scratch hardness. Vickers hardness and so on.
Yield stress
The stress at the yield point on the stress-strain curve.
stress
Force on the unit area of ​​the object. It is expressed in (kg force/cm2 [pa]).
Note: If the unit area is calculated according to the original sectional area, the resulting stress is the engineering stress; if the unit area is calculated according to the instantaneous cross-sectional area of ​​the deformation, the resulting stress is true stress. There are shear stress, tensile stress and compressive stress.
Stress cracking
Long or repeated application of stress below the mechanical properties of the plastic causes cracks on the outside or inside of the plastic.
Note: The stress that causes cracking can be internal stress or external stress. It can also be the resultant force of these stresses. The rate of stress cracking varies with the environment in which the plastic is exposed.
Internal stress
In the absence of external forces, due to the improper processing of the material, the temperature changes, the role of the solvent and other stress.
stress-strain curve
In the material test, the stress is expressed on the ordinate, the strain on the abscissa, and the stress-strain curve
Yield point
In the stress-strain test, the stress on the stress-strain curve does not increase with the first point of the strain. At the yield point, the stressed specimen begins to undergo permanent deformation. The stress on the specimen can be any of tensile, compressive, or shear stress.
Creep
The strain of the material changes with time under constant stress.
Note: Instantaneous strain is not included.
Creep recovery
The portion of the specimen that has decreased in deformation over time after the specimen is removed from the load.
Fatigue limit
In the fatigue test, the maximum stress when the stress alternating cycle is infinite and the sample is still not broken is called the fatigue limit.
Note: Many plastics do not actually have a fatigue limit. For this reason, the fatigue limit is reached when the number of special cycles reaches 107 to 108 and the specimen is still 50% non-destructive.
Fatigue life
The number of cycles the specimen is subjected to under stress or strain under cyclic cyclic stress or strain until failure occurs.
Haze
A cloudy or turbid appearance caused by light scattering inside or on the surface of a transparent or translucent plastic. Expressed in terms of forward scattered light flux and permeation flux.
Transmittance
Percentage of flux through the transparent or translucent body to the incident light flux.
Transparency
The object transmits visible light and has less scattering properties.
Oil resistance
Plastics resist the ability of oils to dissolve, swell, crack, deform, or reduce physical properties.
Linear expansion coefficient
Percentage change in material length for every one degree change in temperature.
Tensile Strength
In a tensile test, the maximum tensile stress that the specimen undergoes until it breaks. The result is expressed in kilograms/cm 2 [Pa]. The area used in the calculation is the original cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen at the fracture.
Young's modulus
The modulus of elasticity under tension, that is, the ratio of the tensile stress to the corresponding strain, is expressed in kilo-force/cm 2 [Pa] ratio.
Elastic limit
The maximum stress the material can withstand under any conditions of permanent deformation except stress, expressed in kg/cm2 [Pa]
Note: In the actual measurement of strain, small loads rather than zero loads are often used as the final or initial reference load.
Elastic Modulus
Within the limits of proportionality, the ratio of the stresses to the material such as tension, compression, bending, twisting, shearing, etc., to the corresponding strain produced by the material, expressed in kg/cm2 [Pa]
Impact strength
(1) The maximum capacity of the material to withstand the impact load.
(2) The ratio of the work consumed in material failure to the cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen under impact load is expressed in kilograms·cm/cm 2 (Newton·m/m 2 ).
Bending strength
The maximum stress that a material can sustain when subjected to bending loads or reaches a specified deflection, expressed in kilograms per centimeter [Pa]
Vicat softening point test
A test method for evaluating the tendency of thermoplastics to deform at high temperatures. The method is to put a flat top needle with a specified load and a cross-sectional area of ​​1 mm 2 on the sample under constant temperature rising conditions, and the temperature is the temperature when the flat top needle penetrates the sample 1 mm. The measured softening temperature of the Vicat soft card.
hardness
The resistance of plastic materials to imprints and scratches.
Note: According to the test method, there are Barcol hardness, Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Shore hardness, Mohs hardness, and scratch hardness. Vickers hardness and so on.
Yield stress
The stress at the yield point on the stress-strain curve.
stress
Force on the unit area of ​​the object. It is expressed in (kg force/cm2 [pa]).
Note: If the unit area is calculated according to the original sectional area, the resulting stress is the engineering stress; if the unit area is calculated according to the instantaneous cross-sectional area of ​​the deformation, the resulting stress is true stress. There are shear stress, tensile stress and compressive stress.
Stress cracking
Long or repeated application of stress below the mechanical properties of the plastic causes cracks on the outside or inside of the plastic.
Note: The stress that causes cracking can be internal stress or external stress. It can also be the resultant force of these stresses. The rate of stress cracking varies with the environment in which the plastic is exposed.
Internal stress
In the absence of external forces, due to the improper processing of the material, the temperature changes, the role of the solvent and other stress.
stress-strain curve
In the material test, the stress is expressed on the ordinate, the strain on the abscissa, and the stress-strain curve
Yield point
In the stress-strain test, the stress on the stress-strain curve does not increase with the first point of the strain. At the yield point, the stressed specimen begins to undergo permanent deformation. The stress on the specimen can be any of tensile, compressive, or shear stress.
Creep
The strain of the material changes with time under constant stress.
Note: Instantaneous strain is not included.
Creep recovery
The portion of the specimen that has decreased in deformation over time after the specimen is removed from the load.
Fatigue limit
In the fatigue test, the maximum stress when the stress alternating cycle is infinite and the sample is still not broken is called the fatigue limit.
Note: Many plastics do not actually have a fatigue limit. For this reason, the fatigue limit is reached when the number of special cycles reaches 107 to 108 and the specimen is still 50% non-destructive.
Fatigue life
The number of cycles the specimen is subjected to under stress or strain under cyclic cyclic stress or strain until failure occurs.
Haze
A cloudy or turbid appearance caused by light scattering inside or on the surface of a transparent or translucent plastic. Expressed in terms of forward scattered light flux and permeation flux.
Transmittance
Percentage of flux through the transparent or translucent body to the incident light flux.
Transparency
The object transmits visible light and has less scattering properties.
Oil resistance
Plastics resist the ability of oils to dissolve, swell, crack, deform, or reduce physical properties.
Linear expansion coefficient
Percentage change in material length for every one degree change in temperature.
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