Foreword
The excellent performance of the diamond circular saw blade has been recognized by the entire stone processing industry. In the manufacture of saw blades, around the "performance-cost" aspects, each tool manufacturer has done a lot of work, pushing manufacturing technology to a new level.
In the manufacturing technology of the cutter head, the choice of the material of the cutter head and the hot pressing process are the key links. Co-based and bronze-based alloys are widely selected as carcass materials, but they cannot be well balanced in terms of manufacturing cost and performance.
In this paper, the principle of solid solution strengthening is cited, and the Fe-Ni-Cu-W alloy is proposed as the material of the tool body. Through experiments and applications, the ideal manufacturing cost and performance are achieved.
Experimental principle
The manufacturing process of the diamond saw blade can be described as the sintering process of the metal powder under a certain pressure. It is a powder metallurgy process: the uniformly mixed metal powder is at a high temperature (800-1000 ° C) and a certain pressure (180-250 Kgf). /cm2), through a series of physical and chemical interactions such as diffusion, fusion welding, compounding and recrystallization between powder particles, forming a sintered body having a certain shape and mechanical properties, that is, a cutter head. The basic requirements for the saw blade body material are:
1. The sintered body should have excellent impact properties and appropriate hardness to ensure good mechanical engagement of the wrapped diamond and moderate wear resistance to the rock;
2. The powder metallurgy process that satisfies the above performance requirements can be completed at a lower sintering temperature (generally not exceeding 950 ° C) and a short holding time (generally not exceeding 5 minutes) to slow the deterioration trend of the diamond single crystal;
3. The alloy component in the carcass alloy can well infiltrate the diamond single crystal, and the chemical bond between the alloy component and the diamond is generated by the added trace elements, thereby further improving the holding ability of the diamond.
Studies have shown that powder metallurgy can make the carcass material obtain a similar structure to the general alloy and achieve alloying. There are several phases in the alloy structure in which the alloy tends to preferentially form a solid solution phase between components having similar electrochemical properties to atomic radii. Since the lattice of the solid solution phase is distorted during the formation process, the resistance to the lattice dislocation is increased, so that the strength and hardness of the material are increased, that is, solid solution strengthening is caused. Therefore, the solid solution phase becomes a comprehensive mechanical mechanism. Performance requires a more basic component of the material. It can be said that the formation of a solid solution phase in the carcass alloy is one of the keys to achieving high performance of the carcass material.
According to the basic requirements of the material of the saw blade, the alloy system which is easy to form a solid solution phase in the carcass alloy and produces solid solution strengthening is selected as the basic component of the carcass. The Fe-Ni-Cu-W alloy conforms to this. Requirements:
Fe-Ni, Cu-Ni can achieve complete mutual solubility;
WC/W-Ni, WC-Cu, Fe-Cu can achieve limited mutual solubility and can produce dispersion strengthening effect;
Fe and Ni Group VIII elements have good affinity for diamond.
Based on the above principles and analysis, the experimental formula and process are proposed.
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